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Break-even Point Calculator

Units and revenue needed to cover costs, with contribution margin and margin of safety.

Business

Inputs

Rent, salaries, insurance — per period

Results

Break-even volume
1,000 units
Break-even revenue
₹1,200,000
Contribution per unit
₹500.00
Margin 41.7%
Units for target profit
1,400 units
Profit at expected volume
₹250,000
Above break-even
Margin of safety
33.3%

Formula

  • Contribution per unit = Price − Variable cost
  • Contribution margin = Contribution / Price × 100
  • Break-even units = Fixed costs / Contribution per unit
  • Break-even revenue = Break-even units × Price
  • Units for target profit = (Fixed costs + Target profit) / Contribution per unit
  • Margin of safety = (Expected − Break-even) / Expected × 100

Every unit sold contributes its price minus its variable cost towards fixed costs. Once accumulated contribution equals fixed costs the business breaks even; beyond that, each additional unit's contribution drops straight to operating profit. A low contribution margin means the break-even volume is highly sensitive to price cuts — a 10% discount on a 40% margin business requires a 33% volume increase just to stand still.

Step-by-step Calculation

  1. 1.Contribution per unit1,200.00 − 700.00₹500.00
  2. 2.Contribution margin500.00 / 1,200.00 × 10041.7%
  3. 3.Break-even units500,000 / 500.001,000.0
  4. 4.Break-even revenueunits × 1,200.00₹1,200,000
  5. 5.Target-profit units(500,000 + 200,000) / 500.001,400.0

Assumptions

  • Selling price and variable cost per unit stay constant across the volume range.
  • Fixed costs are genuinely fixed within the relevant range.
  • Single product or a stable sales mix.
  • Production equals sales; no inventory build-up.

Money Tips

  • Track break-even monthly — it moves the moment you hire or sign a lease.
  • Improving contribution margin by 5 points usually beats chasing volume.
  • A margin of safety below 20% leaves little room for a demand shock.

Warnings

  • Semi-variable costs (utilities, commissions) distort a pure fixed/variable split.
  • Break-even is a cash-blind measure — a profitable plan can still run out of working capital.

References & Standards

Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysisCIMA management accounting principles

Results are planning estimates generated in your browser. Nothing you enter is uploaded or stored. Verify material decisions with your lender, adviser or chartered accountant.

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